Mustafa kemal pasha biography of abraham

Albert-Abraham Antébi (1873 – 1919), born in Damascus 1873, descending from a long line of prominent rabbis from Aleppo and Damascus, a testament to their historical and religious footprint in the region. Tracing back, his grandfather, Jacob Antébi, was embroiled in the complexities of the Damascus Affair. Close to home, his father was a guiding light at the Bet Din in Cairo, while maternal ties intricately connected him to the esteemed Catran and Totah dynasties. Just as Antébi was deeply rooted in regional Jewish life, he was just as equally comfortable within other diverse cosmopolitan Ottoman milieus. 

Albert's multilingual academic voyage began under the discerning eyes of Isaac Astruc, the Alliance Israélite Universelle school leader in Damascus. As a Salomon Goldschmidt scholarship laureate, he studied at the École de Travail in Paris, a Jewish trade school. Antèbi was an exceptional student, and thus after Paris, he continued his studies at the École Nationale Supérieure d’Arts et Métiers in Châlons-sur-Marne and Angers, ultimately qualifying as an engineer. 

As an Ottoman Jew, Antébi spoke Arabic, Hebrew, French, Turkish, and some English. Thus it is not surprising that in 1896, he was appointed vice-principal of the AIU vocational school in Jerusalem, becoming the head of the school soon after. Under his watchful gaze, the institution bloomed, fostering myriad workshops to sculpt the minds of its protegees. In this period he married Henriette Salomon, originating from the Lorraine region, together they would eventually found a family of 8 children. 

Beyond Antèbi’s importance with the AIU network, his dexterity in Ottoman, Jewish, and French legalities, earmarked him as a pivotal figure in Ottoman Palestine. His collaborative spirit forged close ties with Arab leaders, most notably Faisal I and the influential Ottoman statesman Djemal Pasha. Representing organizations like the Jewish Colonization Association, his acumen was instrumental in land acqui

1881
Salonika, in the Ottoman Empire
November 10, 1938
Istanbul, Turkey

Military leader, political leader, statesman

The name Atatürk means "Father of the Turks," and Mustafa Kemal Atatürk earned the title by devoting his life to making positive changes in his native land. Often called the founder of modern Turkey, Atatürk was a great general who defeated invading armies and led a revolution to gain independence for Turkey. He also was a great visionary who understood the kinds of changes that would be necessary for Turkey to join the new Europe that would emerge after World War I. As president of Turkey for fifteen years, Atatürk introduced many changes and reforms in Turkish law and society. Though some Turks resisted these changes to their traditions, Atatürk is still honored in Turkey as a great hero.

Poverty and Struggle at the End of an Empire

When Atatürk was born in the old Greek city of Salonika in 1881, that city was part of the Ottoman Empire, which had been created by the Ottoman Turks in the fourteenth century. The armies of the Ottoman Empire conquered the entire Middle East and much of North Africa. By the 1500s, it had become the most powerful state in the world. When the Ottomans tried to push westward into Europe, however, European nations banded together to stop them. After that, the empire's decline was slow but sure. Born near the end of the Ottoman Empire's sixth century, Atatürk grew up in poverty in the Turkish section of Salonika, and the miserable conditions of his life made him angry. He hated the class system that separated the rich from the poor. He hated the traditional clothes he had to wear—loose trousers and blouse with a sash—that branded him as a peasant. He hated the rigid religious schools that poor Turks attended. He hated the corrupt government officials who controlled the city. Unwilling to accept authority without questioning, he fought with his parents and his teachers as often as he fo

Do-Gooder

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (May 19, 1881 - November 10, 1938) was a an Ottoman and Turkish army officer, revolutionary statesman, writer, and the first President of Turkey. He is credited with being the founder of the Republic of Turkey. His surname, Atatürk (meaning "Father of the Turks"), was granted to him in 1934 a

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